Everyday Science · Topic 3
Organs, blood, vitamins and common diseases.
Learn first
Learn the record facts about the body, the blood groups, the deficiency diseases and how common diseases spread.
Practise
Try each question, then open the answer. MCQs 1–50 of 246.
1.How many bones are there in the body of an adult human?
Answer: D. 206
An adult has 206 bones; a newborn has about 300, some of which fuse.
2.Which is the longest bone in the human body?
Answer: A. Femur (thigh bone)
The femur is the longest and strongest bone.
3.Which is the smallest bone in the human body?
Answer: C. Stapes
The stapes, in the middle ear, is the smallest bone.
4.The stapes is located in which part of the body?
Answer: C. The middle ear
The stapes is one of the three tiny bones of the middle ear.
5.Which is the largest organ of the human body?
Answer: A. Skin
The skin is the largest organ by area and weight.
6.Which is the largest gland in the human body?
Answer: D. Liver
The liver is the largest internal organ and gland.
7.Which gland is called the "master gland"?
Answer: C. Pituitary
The pituitary controls many other endocrine glands.
8.Which hormone controls the level of sugar in the blood?
Answer: A. Insulin
Insulin lowers blood sugar.
9.Insulin is produced by which organ?
Answer: C. Pancreas
The islets of Langerhans in the pancreas make insulin.
10.A lack of insulin causes which disease?
Answer: B. Diabetes mellitus
Without enough insulin, blood sugar rises.
11.Which hormone is called the "fight or flight" hormone?
Answer: B. Adrenaline
The adrenal glands release adrenaline in danger or stress.
12.Which gland produces thyroxine?
Answer: B. Thyroid
The thyroid gland in the neck makes thyroxine.
13.Which hormone regulates sleep?
Answer: B. Melatonin
The pineal gland releases melatonin in darkness.
14.Bile is produced by which organ?
Answer: B. Liver
The liver makes bile; the gall bladder stores it.
15.Bile helps in the digestion of what?
Answer: B. Fats
Bile breaks fats into small droplets.
16.Where does most digestion and absorption of food take place?
Answer: D. Small intestine
Nutrients are absorbed through the villi of the small intestine.
17.The main function of the large intestine is to absorb what?
Answer: C. Water
The large intestine absorbs water and salts.
18.Digestion of starch begins in which part of the body?
Answer: B. Mouth
Saliva contains amylase, which starts breaking down starch.
19.Which enzyme in saliva breaks down starch?
Answer: A. Amylase
Salivary amylase turns starch into sugar.
20.Which enzyme in the stomach begins the digestion of proteins?
Answer: C. Pepsin
Pepsin breaks proteins into smaller pieces.
21.Which organ filters the blood and makes urine?
Answer: B. Kidney
The kidneys remove waste and extra water from the blood.
22.The functional unit of the kidney is called what?
Answer: A. Nephron
Each kidney has about a million nephrons.
23.The functional unit of the nervous system is what?
Answer: D. Neuron
Neurons carry nerve impulses.
24.Exchange of gases in the lungs takes place in what?
Answer: C. Alveoli
Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through the thin walls of the alveoli.
25.The windpipe is also called what?
Answer: B. Trachea
The trachea carries air to the lungs.
26.The voice box is also called what?
Answer: B. Larynx
The larynx holds the vocal cords.
27.Which flap stops food from entering the windpipe?
Answer: D. Epiglottis
The epiglottis covers the trachea when we swallow.
28.Which muscle helps us breathe by moving up and down?
Answer: D. Diaphragm
The diaphragm contracts to draw air into the lungs.
29.How many chambers does the human heart have?
Answer: C. Four
Two atria and two ventricles.
30.Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the whole body?
Answer: B. Left ventricle
The thick-walled left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta.
31.Which is the largest artery in the body?
Answer: B. Aorta
The aorta carries blood from the heart to the body.
32.Arteries carry blood in which direction?
Answer: D. Away from the heart
Arteries carry blood away from the heart; veins bring it back.
33.Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?
Answer: B. Pulmonary artery
The pulmonary artery is the only artery carrying deoxygenated blood (after birth).
34.The normal resting heart rate of an adult is about what?
Answer: B. 60 to 100 beats per minute
A normal adult resting heart rate is 60 to 100 beats a minute.
35.Normal adult blood pressure is about what?
Answer: D. 120/80 mmHg
About 120/80 mmHg is the standard normal value.
36.Which instrument measures blood pressure?
Answer: D. Sphygmomanometer
A sphygmomanometer uses an inflatable cuff to measure blood pressure.
37.Who invented the stethoscope?
Answer: B. René Laennec
Laennec invented the stethoscope in 1816.
38.Who discovered the circulation of blood?
Answer: D. William Harvey
Harvey described blood circulation in 1628.
39.About how much blood is there in an adult human body?
Answer: D. About 5 litres
An adult has about 5 litres of blood.
40.Which blood cells carry oxygen?
Answer: C. Red blood cells
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, which carries oxygen.
41.Which protein in red blood cells carries oxygen?
Answer: A. Haemoglobin
Haemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs.
42.Haemoglobin contains which metal?
Answer: B. Iron
Each haemoglobin unit has an iron atom.
43.How long does a red blood cell live?
Answer: D. About 120 days
Red blood cells last about 120 days.
44.Where are red blood cells made in adults?
Answer: A. Bone marrow
Red blood cells are made in the red bone marrow.
45.Which organ is called the "graveyard of red blood cells"?
Answer: C. Spleen
The spleen removes old red blood cells.
46.Which blood cells fight infection?
Answer: C. White blood cells
White blood cells defend the body against germs.
47.Which blood cells help blood to clot?
Answer: A. Platelets
Platelets gather at a wound and help form a clot.
48.Which vitamin helps blood to clot?
Answer: D. Vitamin K
Vitamin K is needed to make clotting factors.
49.Haemophilia is a disease in which what happens?
Answer: A. Blood does not clot properly
Haemophilia is an inherited disorder of blood clotting.
50.Who discovered the ABO blood groups?
Answer: D. Karl Landsteiner
Landsteiner discovered the blood groups in 1901.
Test yourself
Each quiz has 50 MCQs from this topic and 50 minutes. A correct answer earns 1 mark and each wrong answer takes off 0.25; skipped questions score nothing. No password needed.
