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Pakistan Studies · Topic 2

Constitution of Pakistan

The Objectives Resolution, the three constitutions and key articles and amendments.

Explanation 325 MCQs Free timed quizzes
Pakistan Studies

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Explanation

Expect questions on dates, on the main features of each constitution and on well-known articles and amendments of the 1973 Constitution.

Constitutional history

  • Pakistan was first governed under the Government of India Act 1935, as amended by the Indian Independence Act 1947.
  • Objectives Resolution: passed on 12 March 1949, moved by Liaquat Ali Khan; it is the preamble of every constitution since.
  • First constitution: enforced on 23 March 1956; Pakistan became an Islamic Republic and Iskander Mirza the first President.
  • Martial law was imposed on 7 October 1958 and the 1956 Constitution was abrogated.
  • Second constitution: 1962 (enforced 8 June 1962) under Ayub Khan, with a presidential system.
  • Third constitution: passed on 10 April 1973 and enforced on 14 August 1973; parliamentary system; Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became Prime Minister.

Key articles of the 1973 Constitution

  • Article 1: Pakistan is a Federal Republic, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
  • Article 2: Islam is the state religion. Article 2A: the Objectives Resolution made a substantive part (added in 1985).
  • Article 6: high treason. Article 25A: free and compulsory education for children aged 5 to 16.
  • Article 41: the President; Article 91: the Cabinet and Prime Minister.
  • Article 213: Chief Election Commissioner. Article 251: Urdu is the national language.
  • Parliament (Majlis-e-Shoora) has two houses: the National Assembly and the Senate.

Important amendments

  • 8th Amendment (1985): gave the President power to dissolve the National Assembly under Article 58(2)(b).
  • 13th Amendment (1997): removed Article 58(2)(b); the 17th (2003) restored it.
  • 18th Amendment (2010): removed 58(2)(b) again, abolished the Concurrent Legislative List, renamed NWFP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and added Article 25A.
  • 21st Amendment (2015): military courts for terrorism cases.
  • 25th Amendment (2018): merged FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
  • 26th Amendment (2024): changed how the Chief Justice of Pakistan is appointed and created constitutional benches.

Practise

Constitution of Pakistan MCQs

Try each question, then open the answer. MCQs 51–100 of 325.

51.Fundamental rights are set out in which articles of the 1973 Constitution?

  1. A. Articles 8 to 28
  2. B. Articles 29 to 40
  3. C. Articles 41 to 49
  4. D. Articles 1 to 7
Show answer

Answer: A. Articles 8 to 28

Chapter 1 of Part II, Articles 8 to 28, lists the fundamental rights.

52.Which article protects the security of person (life and liberty)?

  1. A. Article 15
  2. B. Article 14
  3. C. Article 9
  4. D. Article 10
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 9

Article 9 says no person shall be deprived of life or liberty except in accordance with law.

53.Which article provides safeguards against arrest and detention?

  1. A. Article 11
  2. B. Article 9
  3. C. Article 10
  4. D. Article 13
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 10

Article 10 gives an arrested person the right to be told the grounds and to consult a lawyer.

54.Which article guarantees the right to a fair trial?

  1. A. Article 10
  2. B. Article 25A
  3. C. Article 10A
  4. D. Article 19A
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 10A

Article 10A, added by the 18th Amendment, guarantees a fair trial and due process.

55.Which article prohibits slavery and forced labour?

  1. A. Article 9
  2. B. Article 12
  3. C. Article 13
  4. D. Article 11
Show answer

Answer: D. Article 11

Article 11 forbids slavery, forced labour and child labour in hazardous work.

56.Which article protects the dignity of man and privacy of the home?

  1. A. Article 19
  2. B. Article 14
  3. C. Article 15
  4. D. Article 22
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 14

Article 14 makes the dignity of man and the privacy of home inviolable.

57.Which article gives freedom of movement?

  1. A. Article 17
  2. B. Article 15
  3. C. Article 16
  4. D. Article 18
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 15

Article 15 gives every citizen the right to move freely and live anywhere in Pakistan.

58.Which article gives freedom of assembly?

  1. A. Article 15
  2. B. Article 19
  3. C. Article 17
  4. D. Article 16
Show answer

Answer: D. Article 16

Article 16 gives the right to assemble peacefully and without arms.

59.Which article gives freedom of association?

  1. A. Article 16
  2. B. Article 18
  3. C. Article 17
  4. D. Article 20
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 17

Article 17 gives the right to form associations, unions and political parties.

60.Which article gives freedom of trade, business or profession?

  1. A. Article 18
  2. B. Article 24
  3. C. Article 17
  4. D. Article 23
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 18

Article 18 gives every citizen the right to a lawful trade, business or profession.

61.Which article guarantees freedom of speech?

  1. A. Article 20
  2. B. Article 19
  3. C. Article 16
  4. D. Article 19A
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 19

Article 19 gives freedom of speech and expression and of the press, subject to reasonable limits.

62.Which article gives the right to information?

  1. A. Article 19
  2. B. Article 19A
  3. C. Article 10A
  4. D. Article 25A
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 19A

Article 19A, added by the 18th Amendment, gives access to information on matters of public importance.

63.Which article gives freedom to profess religion and manage religious institutions?

  1. A. Article 31
  2. B. Article 22
  3. C. Article 21
  4. D. Article 20
Show answer

Answer: D. Article 20

Article 20 lets every citizen profess, practise and spread their religion.

64.Which article guarantees equality of citizens?

  1. A. Article 24
  2. B. Article 26
  3. C. Article 25
  4. D. Article 27
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 25

Article 25 says all citizens are equal before the law.

65.Which article provides for free and compulsory education for children?

  1. A. Article 25
  2. B. Article 25A
  3. C. Article 19A
  4. D. Article 37
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 25A

Article 25A requires free and compulsory education for children aged 5 to 16.

66.Under Article 25A, free and compulsory education is for children of which ages?

  1. A. 4 to 14 years
  2. B. 5 to 16 years
  3. C. 5 to 14 years
  4. D. 6 to 18 years
Show answer

Answer: B. 5 to 16 years

Article 25A covers all children aged five to sixteen.

67.Which article protects property rights?

  1. A. Article 27
  2. B. Article 23
  3. C. Article 18
  4. D. Article 24
Show answer

Answer: D. Article 24

Article 24 says no person shall be deprived of property except by law and with compensation.

68.Which article bans discrimination in access to public places?

  1. A. Article 26
  2. B. Article 27
  3. C. Article 25
  4. D. Article 28
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 26

Article 26 forbids discrimination in access to public places on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or birth.

69.Which article bans discrimination in services (public jobs)?

  1. A. Article 25
  2. B. Article 26
  3. C. Article 27
  4. D. Article 38
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 27

Article 27 forbids discrimination in appointments to the service of Pakistan.

70.Which article protects language, script and culture?

  1. A. Article 28
  2. B. Article 20
  3. C. Article 251
  4. D. Article 31
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 28

Article 28 lets any section of citizens preserve its own language, script and culture.

71.The Principles of Policy are set out in which articles?

  1. A. Articles 8 to 28
  2. B. Articles 50 to 89
  3. C. Articles 29 to 40
  4. D. Articles 41 to 49
Show answer

Answer: C. Articles 29 to 40

Chapter 2 of Part II, Articles 29 to 40, sets out the Principles of Policy.

72.Which article deals with the Islamic way of life?

  1. A. Article 30
  2. B. Article 227
  3. C. Article 31
  4. D. Article 35
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 31

Article 31 asks the state to help Muslims order their lives in accordance with Islam.

73.Which article deals with the protection of minorities?

  1. A. Article 33
  2. B. Article 36
  3. C. Article 20
  4. D. Article 27
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 36

Article 36 requires the state to safeguard the rights and interests of minorities.

74.Which article asks the state to strengthen ties with the Muslim world?

  1. A. Article 36
  2. B. Article 31
  3. C. Article 38
  4. D. Article 40
Show answer

Answer: D. Article 40

Article 40 asks the state to preserve bonds of unity among Muslim countries and promote world peace.

75.Which article deals with the full participation of women in national life?

  1. A. Article 34
  2. B. Article 32
  3. C. Article 25
  4. D. Article 35
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 34

Article 34 asks the state to ensure women's full participation in all spheres of national life.

76.Which article provides for the office of the President?

  1. A. Article 41
  2. B. Article 90
  3. C. Article 91
  4. D. Article 51
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 41

Article 41 says there shall be a President, the head of state.

77.What is the minimum age to become President of Pakistan?

  1. A. 35 years
  2. B. 40 years
  3. C. 45 years
  4. D. 50 years
Show answer

Answer: C. 45 years

Article 41 requires the President to be a Muslim of at least 45 years.

78.The President of Pakistan must belong to which religion?

  1. A. No requirement
  2. B. Islam or Christianity
  3. C. Any religion
  4. D. Islam
Show answer

Answer: D. Islam

Article 41 requires the President to be a Muslim.

79.What is the term of office of the President of Pakistan?

  1. A. Five years
  2. B. Four years
  3. C. Six years
  4. D. Three years
Show answer

Answer: A. Five years

The President holds office for five years.

80.How many terms in a row can a President hold office?

  1. A. Three
  2. B. No limit
  3. C. Two
  4. D. One
Show answer

Answer: C. Two

Article 44 bars anyone from serving more than two consecutive terms.

81.Who administers the oath to the President?

  1. A. The Chief Justice of Pakistan
  2. B. The Chairman Senate
  3. C. The Speaker of the National Assembly
  4. D. The Prime Minister
Show answer

Answer: A. The Chief Justice of Pakistan

The Chief Justice of Pakistan administers the oath of office to the President.

82.To whom does the President send their resignation?

  1. A. The Chief Justice
  2. B. The Chairman Senate
  3. C. The Prime Minister
  4. D. The Speaker of the National Assembly
Show answer

Answer: D. The Speaker of the National Assembly

Under Article 44 the President resigns in writing addressed to the Speaker of the National Assembly.

83.Which article deals with the President's power to pardon?

  1. A. Article 47
  2. B. Article 46
  3. C. Article 45
  4. D. Article 48
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 45

Article 45 lets the President grant pardon and remit or commute sentences.

84.Which article deals with the impeachment of the President?

  1. A. Article 45
  2. B. Article 58
  3. C. Article 47
  4. D. Article 48
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 47

Article 47 provides for removal or impeachment of the President.

85.What majority of Parliament is needed to impeach the President?

  1. A. Half of the total membership
  2. B. Three-quarters of those present
  3. C. Two-thirds of the total membership
  4. D. A simple majority
Show answer

Answer: C. Two-thirds of the total membership

A resolution passed by two-thirds of the total membership of a joint sitting removes the President.

86.Who acts as President when the office is vacant?

  1. A. The Chairman Senate
  2. B. The Speaker of the National Assembly
  3. C. The Chief Justice of Pakistan
  4. D. The Prime Minister
Show answer

Answer: A. The Chairman Senate

Article 49 makes the Chairman Senate the acting President; if unavailable, the Speaker acts.

87.Which article dealt with the President's power to dissolve the National Assembly at discretion?

  1. A. Article 48(2)
  2. B. Article 91(5)
  3. C. Article 58(2)(b)
  4. D. Article 112(2)(b)
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 58(2)(b)

Article 58(2)(b) gave the President discretionary power to dissolve the National Assembly; the 18th Amendment removed it.

88.Which article provides for the National Assembly?

  1. A. Article 51
  2. B. Article 59
  3. C. Article 41
  4. D. Article 50
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 51

Article 51 sets out the composition of the National Assembly.

89.Which article provides for the Senate?

  1. A. Article 50
  2. B. Article 59
  3. C. Article 60
  4. D. Article 51
Show answer

Answer: B. Article 59

Article 59 sets out the composition of the Senate.

90.What is the minimum age to become a member of the National Assembly?

  1. A. 21 years
  2. B. 35 years
  3. C. 25 years
  4. D. 30 years
Show answer

Answer: C. 25 years

Article 62 requires a member of the National Assembly to be at least 25.

91.What is the minimum age to become a Senator?

  1. A. 40 years
  2. B. 25 years
  3. C. 35 years
  4. D. 30 years
Show answer

Answer: D. 30 years

Article 62 requires a Senator to be at least 30.

92.What is the term of a Senator?

  1. A. Four years
  2. B. Six years
  3. C. Five years
  4. D. Three years
Show answer

Answer: B. Six years

Senators serve six years; half the Senate retires every three years.

93.Half of the Senate retires after how many years?

  1. A. Six years
  2. B. Two years
  3. C. Three years
  4. D. Five years
Show answer

Answer: C. Three years

Senators serve six-year terms and half of them are elected every three years.

94.The Senate can be dissolved by whom?

  1. A. The Chief Election Commissioner
  2. B. It cannot be dissolved
  3. C. The President
  4. D. The Prime Minister
Show answer

Answer: B. It cannot be dissolved

The Senate is a permanent house; it is never dissolved as a whole.

95.What is the normal term of the National Assembly?

  1. A. Four years
  2. B. Five years
  3. C. Three years
  4. D. Six years
Show answer

Answer: B. Five years

The National Assembly lasts five years from its first meeting unless dissolved earlier.

96.Which articles deal with the qualification and disqualification of members of Parliament?

  1. A. Articles 91 and 95
  2. B. Articles 51 and 59
  3. C. Articles 62 and 63
  4. D. Articles 41 and 47
Show answer

Answer: C. Articles 62 and 63

Article 62 sets qualifications and Article 63 sets disqualifications.

97.Which article deals with disqualification on grounds of defection?

  1. A. Article 62
  2. B. Article 63
  3. C. Article 63A
  4. D. Article 64
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 63A

Article 63A disqualifies a member who defects from the parliamentary party.

98.Which article deals with Money Bills?

  1. A. Article 89
  2. B. Article 70
  3. C. Article 80
  4. D. Article 73
Show answer

Answer: D. Article 73

Article 73 sets out the procedure for Money Bills, which start only in the National Assembly.

99.Which article requires the Annual Budget Statement?

  1. A. Article 80
  2. B. Article 73
  3. C. Article 81
  4. D. Article 160
Show answer

Answer: A. Article 80

Article 80 requires the federal government to lay the Annual Budget Statement before the National Assembly.

100.Which article lets the President make ordinances?

  1. A. Article 70
  2. B. Article 73
  3. C. Article 89
  4. D. Article 128
Show answer

Answer: C. Article 89

Article 89 lets the President issue ordinances when Parliament is not in session.

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